{"it":{"id":"W16T06","kind":"text","sub":"Hopi","name":"Book of the Hopi (Waters 1963)","place":"","date":"1963","tags":[],"new":1,"inst":"Book by Frank Waters with Oswald White Bear Fredericks; 9 Internet Archive records; full text borrow-only (HTTP 401)","nfacts":0,"nsrc":2,"sum":"Book of the Hopi tells of the worlds before this one, each destroyed. When the first world was ending, the people chosen to survive were led to a mound and sheltered underground with the Ant People, who went without food to feed them, which is why, the story says, ants are so thin at the waist.\n\nFrank Waters, an American writer who was not Hopi, published the book in 1963. In his introduction he names its spokesmen as some thirty elders, and says the work took nearly three years. Their words were taken down in Hopi on a tape recorder by Oswald White Bear Fredericks, a Hopi born in Oraibi, who translated them into English with the help of his wife, Naomi. Waters adds that no spokesman was paid an informant's fee.\n\nWhat is hard to explain is how one book, put together by an outsider through one translator, came to stand for a whole religion in the eyes of the world.\n\nWaters presented the book as a sacred task, a complete history the elders wanted their grandchildren to have. The anthropologist Peter Whiteley, in the Journal of the Southwest, answers from the other side. He writes that popular books on the Hopi, especially since Waters' Book of the Hopi, drew an influx of seekers, that many Hopi are deeply suspicious of any picture or record of their culture, above all of ritual knowledge, and that much anger is focused on Waters' book. Hopi villages have put up signs banning photography, painting and sketching.\n\nThe open question is who has the right to tell a sacred history, and what a reader owes the people whose story it is.","why":"A famous book about Hopi religion, and Hopi anger about whose voice it carries.","yt":"Compare Hopi-authored sources.","rel":["TX031"],"hook":"A 1963 book of Hopi sacred history, recorded on tape by one man. Whose voice is in it?"},"S":{},"rec":{"id":"W16T06","alias":[],"ms":[],"lab":[],"eng":[],"ori":[],"gaps":[],"dat":[],"aa":[{"id":"AA254","a":"NHI/advanced-knowledge reading","who":"see claimant_index","main":"1963","ms":"W16S12;W16S38","st":"no data","n":"Hopi primary source located but \"ant people\" passage not readable free (W16G).","nl":"1"}],"ac":[],"me":[],"ci":[],"cq":[],"sd":[],"pas":[],"tr":[],"mo":[],"tl":[],"wit":[{"id":"W16T06","mw":"Book by Frank Waters with Oswald White Bear Fredericks; 9 Internet Archive records; full text borrow-only (HTTP 401)","kn":"1963","pf":"modern ethnography (contested)","st":"no data","sn":"Hopi primary source located but \"ant people\" passage not readable free (W16G).","b":"V","s":["W16S12","W16S38"]}],"sub":[],"src":[{"id":"W16S12","t":"Wikipedia Frank Waters","u":"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Frank_Waters&oldid=1377936618"},{"id":"W16S38","t":"Internet Archive catalogue: Book of the Hopi (9 records; full text HTTP 401, borrow-only)","u":"https://archive.org/advancedsearch.php?q=title%3A%28book+of+the+hopi%29&fl%5B%5D=identifier&fl%5B%5D=title&rows=10&output=json"},{"id":"VW16T06-3","t":"Waters (1963), Book of the Hopi (Internet Archive)","u":"https://archive.org/details/book-of-the-hopi-frank-waters"},{"id":"VW16T06-4","t":"Journal of the Southwest: Hopi and the end of anthropology (PDF)","u":"https://jsw.arizona.edu/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/End-of-Anthfopology-Hopi.pdf"},{"id":"VW16T06-5","t":"Wikipedia: Frank Waters","u":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Waters"}],"qs":["Sacred stories reached outsiders through one 1963 book and one translator. Whose voice are we really hearing when we quote it?","Many peoples tell of surviving destroyed worlds underground. Shared memory of real events, or shared human imagination?","If a tradition holds knowledge the outside world wants, who has the right to tell it?"],"gal":[{"src":"https://thumb.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Arizona%2C_hopi%2C_otre_con_testa_di_katsina%2C_1890.jpg/1280px-Arizona%2C_hopi%2C_otre_con_testa_di_katsina%2C_1890.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=thumbnail","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Arizona,_hopi,_otre_con_testa_di_katsina,_1890.jpg","title":"Arizona, hopi, otre con testa di katsina, 1890.jpg","lic":"CC BY 3.0","licurl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0","by":"Sailko","cap":"Native American art in the Cleveland Museum of Art"},{"src":"https://thumb.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Hopi_Tawa_Mural.jpeg/1280px-Hopi_Tawa_Mural.jpeg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=thumbnail","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hopi_Tawa_Mural.jpeg","title":"Hopi Tawa Mural.jpeg","lic":"Public domain","licurl":"","by":"Fred Kabotie, National Park Service","cap":"A mural depicting Tawa, the sun spirit and creator in Hopi mythology. Painted Desert Inn, Petrified Forest National Park, Arizona."},{"src":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Kachina_dolls.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=thumbnail_unscaled","page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kachina_dolls.jpg","title":"Kachina dolls.jpg","lic":"Public domain","licurl":"","by":"Jesse Walter Fewkes","cap":"Drawings from an 1894 anthropology book of Kachina dolls (tihu-tui) representing kachinas, or spirits, made by the native Pueblo people of the Southwestern U.S."}]},"img":null,"md":null,"hh":null,"hs":{},"lh":{"s":"img/h/W16T06.webp","w":1280,"h":1448,"o":"https://thumb.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Arizona%2C_hopi%2C_otre_con_testa_di_katsina%2C_1890.jpg/1280px-Arizona%2C_hopi%2C_otre_con_testa_di_katsina%2C_1890.jpg?utm_source=commons.wikimedia.org&utm_campaign=imageinfo&utm_content=thumbnail"}}